Yes, but Atomico doesn't only depend on ESM, it also depends on the following api's that you will have to cover with Polyfill or some bundle tool.
ESM modules: documentation - caniuse
CustomElements: documentation - caniuse
ShadowRoot: documentation - caniuse
Map: documentation - caniuse
Symbol and Symbol.for: documentation - caniuse
append and prepend: documentation - caniuse
Declarative Shadow DOM: Only for using SSR with webcomponents that use shadowDOM. documentation
Let's understand that today Atomico covers 94% of existing browsers without the need for polyfills or packers, the 6% not covered are usually browsers like ie11 or others.
If you depend on the uncovered segment of browsers you can use the following tools to support the apis necessary for Atomico to work.
polyfill-fastly.io to associate Map, Symbol, append and prepend.
https://github.com/Rich-Harris/shimport to associate esm.
https://github.com/ungap/custom-elements to associate customElements apis.